Belize Aquatic Ecosystems Map

Table of Contents



IDENTIFICATION_INFORMATION

Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Esselman, P. Originator: Boles, E. Originator: Meerman, J. Originator: Myvett, G. Originator: Higgins, J. Originator: Fitzhugh, T. Originator: Warner, A. Publication_Date: 20050903 Title: Belize Aquatic Ecosystems Map Edition: 3 September 2005 Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: Map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Belmopan, Belize, Central America Publisher: Esselman, P.C. Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: HTTP://biological-diversity.info Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: Title: Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Online_Linkage: Description: Abstract: Aquatic Ecological Systems of Belize is the end product of an experts workshop held on 18-19 January 2002 in Punta Gorda, Belize to classify aquatic ecosystems of the country. We used The Nature Conservancy's aquatic classification framework, which is a hierarchical spatial framework for classifying aquatic ecosystems where smaller classification units are defined within larger units at four nested scales (from largest to smallest): (1) zoogeographic subregion, (2) ecological drainage unit (EDU), (3) aquatic ecological system, and (4) macrohabitat. This shapefile focuses on aquatic ecological systems (macrohabitats were not classified). We distinguished AESs by populating a matrix of river reaches by major environmental factors thought to control the structure and function of aquatic ecosystems. Thus, the map reflects variation in dominant physical/environmental factors in rivers rather than actual biological systems. These factors included stream size, underlying geology, water source (surface, ground, or mixed), elevation, water clarity (clear vs. blackwater), saltwater intrusion, and connectivity to downstream and upstream habitats. Any unique combination of these factors was considered a distinct AES. Forty-five distinct AESs were defined for the country. Purpose: To display unique combinations of physical factors in stream and river ecosystems of Belize that are likely to influence the composition, structure, and function of biological communities. Supplemental_Information: Lentic water ecosystems are inadequately dealt with here and may be dealt with in future iterations. This should be largely considered a stream and river data layer. Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: 19 January 2002 Ending_Date: 3 September 2005 Currentness_Reference: workshop date to publication date Status: Progress: Complete Maintenance_and_Update_Frequency: Irregular Spatial_Domain: Bounding_Coordinates: West_Bounding_Coordinate: -89.2727 East_Bounding_Coordinate: -88.0829 North_Bounding_Coordinate: 18.5029 South_Bounding_Coordinate: 15.8788 Keywords: Theme: Theme_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Theme_Keyword: rivers Theme_Keyword: streams Theme_Keyword: aquatic ecosystems Theme_Keyword: habitat classification Place: Place_Keyword_Thesaurus: None Place_Keyword: Belize Place_Keyword: Central America Access_Constraints: None Use_Constraints: Any errors or problems associated with the use of this product are the sole responsibility of the user, not the authors or publishers of this work. Point_of_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Contact_Person: Peter Esseelman Contact_Position: Independent Consultant Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 220 Third St. City: Ann Arbor State_or_Province: MI Postal_Code: 48103 Country: United States of America Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pesselman@hotmail.com Hours_of_Service: Native_Data_Set_Environment: ArcView version 3.3 shapefile format h:\belizeaquaticecosystemmap\bze_aquatic_10.8.05\gis\aqu_ecol_sys.shp Top

DATA_QUALITY_INFORMATION

Attribute_Accuracy: Attribute_Accuracy_Report: Attribute accuracy was tested by comparing theme overlays of the data with source data. The accuracy of the aquatic ecological system classes has not yet been assessed with field data on physical or biological factors. Thus, while the system breakpoints accurately represent the underlying source material, the physical and biological basis of the shape file remain unvalidated with field data. Logical_Consistency_Report: Completeness_Report: This dataset deals primarily with stream and river (lotic) habitats and does not adequately address lentic water habitats. Discrepencies in the source hydrography layer are obvious on screen by a strong difference between drainage network densities between rivers of the eastern versus western portions of the Maya Mountains. When the apparent drainage networks in the shape file were compared with georeferenced 1:50,000 topographic maps that are thought to be the base layer for the initial hydrography source data, digitization errors were obvious for the western rivers, where small stream segments were not digitized, whereas the eastern river drainage networks were relatively complete. Categorical definitions were used to populate our arc-by-environmental parameter matrix as follows: Size: headwater/stream (1st-3rd order); small river (4th-5th order); medium river (6th order); large river (7th); savanna stream; brackish lagoon complex; freshwater lagoon complex; freshwater mangrove swamp; oxbow lakes; needs verification (significant uncertainty requiring info collection/expert consultation). Stream order was calculated manually for each river size category. Geology: Limestone; Pleistocene (recent alluvial and marine deposits); Toledo beds (mudstone/shale); Santa Rosa (granites/mtemorphic sedimentary); Bladen volcanic member. These geologic types were aggregated to reflect broad geologic categories (e.g., Santa Rosa versus sandstone plus + granite + metasediments. Source: groundwater (GW), surface water (SW), mixed, wetlands; estimated from local knowledge of the systems Elevation: Low (0-39 meters); Moderate (40-79 meters); Medium (80-119 meters); High (120-1,100 meters); calculated from topographic maps. Water Clarity: clear, black; based on local knowledge Saltwater Intrusion: yes/no; estimate of position Downstream connectivity to: small, medium, or large rivers, saltwater intrusion into river, open water brackish lagoon complex, cave, coastal Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy: Horizontal_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Horizontal accuracy was qualitatively assessed by verifying the location of the river arcs on screen relative to georeferenced 1:50,000 British Airforce topographic maps of the same geographic area. River locations generally deviated less than 70m from the river courses represented in the topo maps. Vertical_Positional_Accuracy: Vertical_Positional_Accuracy_Report: Vertical accuracy was qualitatively assessed by verifying the location of the river arcs on screen relative to georeferenced 1:50,000 British Airforce topographic maps of the same geographic area. River locations generally deviated less than 70m from the river courses represented in the topo maps. Lineage: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: Title: Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Other_Citation_Details: Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: Title: Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Online_Linkage: Source_Scale_Denominator: Type_of_Source_Media: Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: Ending_Date: Source_Currentness_Reference: Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Land Information Center Publication_Date: Title: Belize geology Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Belmopan, Belize Publisher: Land Information Center, Ministry of Natural Resources Other_Citation_Details: Original source of geology data unknown; source metadata unavailable from publisher. Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: Title: Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Online_Linkage: Source_Scale_Denominator: Type_of_Source_Media: CD-rom Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: Ending_Date: Source_Currentness_Reference: Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: Geological types used to identify geology and connectivity. Source_Information: Source_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Land Information Center Publication_Date: Title: Belize geology Edition: Geospatial_Data_Presentation_Form: map Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Belmopan, Belize Publisher: Land Information Center, Ministry of Natural Resources Other_Citation_Details: Original source of geology data unknown; source metadata unavailable from publisher. Online_Linkage: Larger_Work_Citation: Citation_Information: Originator: Publication_Date: Title: Publication_Information: Publication_Place: Publisher: Online_Linkage: Source_Scale_Denominator: Type_of_Source_Media: CD-rom Source_Time_Period_of_Content: Time_Period_Information: Range_of_Dates/Times: Beginning_Date: Ending_Date: Source_Currentness_Reference: Source_Citation_Abbreviation: Source_Contribution: Geological types used to identify geology and connectivity. Process_Step: Process_Description: 1. The hydrography of Belize was projected onto the wall using an LCD projector. 2. Local experts evaluated each of the classification variables for each stream and wetland arc for the entire country . 3. As any of the classification variables changed in our data matrix a new system type was defined, and the GIS technician simultaneously classified the new type by number in the shapefile. 4. After the initial classification of stream and wetland segments, the shapefile was groomed for errors. Source_Used_Citation_Abbreviation: Process_Date: 19 September 2002 Source_Produced_Citation_Abbreviation: Process_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Person_Primary: Contact_Organization: Contact_Person: Peter C. Esselman Contact_Position: Independent Consultant Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: 220 Third St. City: Ann Arbor State_or_Province: MI Postal_Code: 48103 Country: United States of America Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pesselman@hotmail.com Hours_of_Service: Top

SPATIAL_DATA_ORGANIZATION_INFORMATION

Direct_Spatial_Reference_Method: Vector Point_and_Vector_Object_Information: SDTS_Terms_Description: SDTS_Point_and_Vector_Object_Type: Complete Chain Point_and_Vector_Object_Count: 13266 Top

SPATIAL_REFERENCE_INFORMATION

Horizontal_Coordinate_System_Definition: Planar: Grid_Coordinate_System: Grid_Coordinate_System_Name: Universal Transverse Mercator Universal_Transverse_Mercator: UTM_Zone_Number: 16 north Transverse_Mercator: Scale_Factor_at_Central_Meridian: 0.999600 Longitude_of_Central_Meridian: -87.000000 Latitude_of_Projection_Origin: 0.000000 False_Easting: 500000.000000 False_Northing: 0.000000 Planar_Coordinate_Information: Planar_Coordinate_Encoding_Method: Coordinate pair Coordinate_Representation: Abscissa_Resolution: Preferred Scale 1 Ordinate_Resolution: Preferred Scale 1 Planar_Distance_Units: Meters Geodetic_Model: Horizontal_Datum_Name: North American Datum of 1927 Ellipsoid_Name: Clarke 1866 Semi-major_Axis: 6378206.4000000 Denominator_of_Flattening_Ratio: 294.98 Top

ENTITY_AND_ATTRIBUTE_INFORMATION

Overview_Description: Entity_and_Attribute_Overview: Categorical definitions were used to populate our arc-by-environmental parameter matrix as follows: Size: headwater/stream (1st-3rd order); small river (4th-5th order); medium river (6th order); large river (7th); savanna stream; brackish lagoon complex; freshwater lagoon complex; freshwater mangrove swamp; oxbow lakes; needs verification (significant uncertainty requiring info collection/expert consultation). Stream orders determined by the Strahler ordering systems by manual examination of maps. Geology: Limestone; Pleistocene (recent alluvial and marine deposits); Toledo beds (mudstone/shale); Santa Rosa (granites/mtemorphic sedimentary); Bladen volcanic member Source: groundwater (GW), surface water (SW), mixed, wetlands Elevation: Low (0-39 meters); Moderate (40-79 meters); Medium (80-119 meters); High (120-1,100 meters) Water Clarity: clear, black Saltwater Intrusion: yes/no Downstream connectivity to: small, medium, or large rivers, saltwater intrusion into river, open water brackish lagoon complex, cave, coastal AES: Aquatic Ecological System numeric class. Entity_and_Attribute_Detail_Citation: Esselman, P., E. Boles, J. Meerman, G. Myvett, J. Higgins, T. Fitzhugh, and A. Warner. 2005. Belize Aquatic Ecosystems Map: HTTP://biological-diversity.info>. Top

DISTRIBUTION_INFORMATION

Distributor: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Belize Tropical Forest Studies Contact_Person: Jan Meerman Contact_Position: Director Contact_Address: Address_Type: mailing and physical address Address: P.O. Box 208, City: Belmopan State_or_Province: Cayo District Postal_Code: N.A. Country: Belize Contact_Voice_Telephone: 501-820-4017 Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: meerman@biological-diversity.info Hours_of_Service: Resource_Description: Aquatic Ecological Systems of Belize. Distribution_Liability: Users must assume responsibility to determine the appropriate use of these data. Authors, publisher, and distributors are not responsible for any problems or liabilities accrued to others because of the use of these data. Top

METADATA_REFERENCE_INFORMATION

Metadata_Date: 20050903 Metadata_Review_Date: 20050903 Metadata_Contact: Contact_Information: Contact_Organization_Primary: Contact_Organization: Contact_Person: Peter Esselman Contact_Position: Independent Consultant Contact_Address: Address_Type: Mailing and physical address Address: 220 Third St. City: Ann Arbor State_or_Province: MI Postal_Code: 48103 Country: United States of America Contact_Voice_Telephone: Contact_Facsimile_Telephone: Contact_Electronic_Mail_Address: pesselman@hotmail.com Hours_of_Service: Metadata_Standard_Name: FGDC CSDGM Metadata_Standard_Version: FGDC-STD-001-1998 Top